12th Bio - Botany - Book Back Answers - Chapter 10 - English Medium Guides

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Tamil Nadu Board 12th Standard Bio-Botany - Chapter 10: Book Back Answers and Solutions

This post covers the book back answers and solutions for Chapter 10 – Bio-Botany from the Tamil Nadu State Board 12th Standard Bio-Botany textbook. These detailed answers have been carefully prepared by our expert teachers at KalviTips.com.

We have explained each answer in a simple, easy-to-understand format, highlighting important points step by step under the relevant subtopics. Students are advised to read and memorize these subtopics thoroughly. Once you understand the main concepts, you’ll be able to connect other related points with real-life examples and confidently present them in your tests and exams.

By going through this material, you’ll gain a strong understanding of Bio-Botany Chapter 10 along with the corresponding book back questions and answers (PDF format).

Question Types Covered:

1 Mark Questions: Choose the correct answer, Fill in the blanks, Identify the correct statement, Match the following
2 Mark Questions: Answer briefly
3, 4, and 5 Mark Questions: Answer in detail

All answers are presented in a clear and student-friendly manner, focusing on key points to help you score full marks.

All the best, Class 12 students! Prepare well and aim for top scores. Thank you!

Unit 10 - Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany

I. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Consider the following statements and choose the right option.
i) Cereals are members of grass family.
ii) Most of the food grains come from monocotyledon.
a) (i) is correct and (ii) is wrong
b) Both (i) and (ii) are correct
c) (i) is wrong and (ii) is correct
d) Both (i) and (ii) are wrong
Answer Key:
b) Both (i) and (ii) are correct

2. Assertion: Vegetables are important part of healthy eating.
Reason: Vegetables are succulent structures of plants with pleasant aroma and flavours.
a) Assertion is correct, Reason is wrong
b) Assertion is wrong, Reason is correct
c) Both are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
d) Both are correct and reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
Answer Key:
a) Assertion is correct, Reason is wrong

3. Groundnut is native of _____________
a) Philippines
b) India
c) North America
d) Brazil
Answer Key:
d) Brazil

4. Statement A: Coffee contains caffeine
Statement B: Drinking coffee enhances cancer
a) A is correct, B is wrong
b) A and B – Both are correct
c) A is wrong, B is correct
d) A and B – Both are wrong
Answer Key:
a) A is correct, B is wrong

5. Tectona grandis is coming under family
a) Lamiaceae
b) Fabaceae
c) Dipterocaipaceae
d) Ebenaceae
Answer Key:
a) Lamiaceae

6. Tamarindus indica is indigenous to
a) Tropical African region
b) South India, Sri Lanka
c) South America, Greece
d) India alone
Answer Key:
a) Tropical African region

7. New world species of cotton
a) Gossipium arboretum
b) G.herbaceum
c) Both a and b
d) G.barbadense
Answer Key:
d) G.barbadense

8. Assertion: Turmeric fights various kinds of cancer
Reason: Curcumin is an anti-oxidant present in turmeric
a) Assertion is correct, Reason is wrong
b) Assertion is wrong, Reason is correct
c) Both are correct
d) Both are wrong
Answer Key:
c) Both are correct

9. Find out the correctly matched pair.
a) Rubber Shorea robusta
b) Dye Lawsonia inermis
c) Timber Cyperus papyrus
d) Pulp Hevea brasiliensis
Answer Key:
b) Dye Lawsonia inermis

10. Observe the following statements and pick out the right option from the following:
Statement I – Perfumes are manufactured from essential oils.
Statement II – Essential oils are formed at different parts of the plants.
a) Statement I is correct
b) Statement II is correct
c) Both statements are correct
d) Both statements are wrong
Answer Key:
c) Both statements are correct

11. Observe the following statements and pick out the right option from the following:
Statement I: The drug sources of Siddha include plants, animal parts, ores and minerals.
Statement II: Minerals are used for preparing drugs with long shelf-life.
a) Statement I is correct
b) Statement II is correct
c) Both statements are correct
d) Both statements are wrong
Answer Key:
c) Both statements are correct

12. The active principle trans-tetra hydro canabial is present in
a) Opium
b) Curcuma
c) Marijuana
d) Andrographis
Answer Key:
c) Marijuana

13. Which one of the following matches is correct?
a) Palmyra - Native of Brazil
b) Saccharum - Abundant in Kanyakumari
c) Steveocide - Natural sweetener
d) Palmyra sap - Fermented to give ethanol
Answer Key:
c) Steveocide - Natural sweetener

II. Short Answer Questions

1. Write the cosmetic uses of Aloe.

'Aloin' gel are used as skin tonic.
It has a cooling effect moisturizing characteristics.
Used in preparation of creams, lotions, shampoo32s, shaving creams, after shave lotions and allied products.
It is used in gerontological applications for rejuvenation of aging skin.
It has multiple properties such as emollient, antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and antiseptic.
Aloe vera gel is used in skin care cosmetics.

2. What is pseudo cereal? Give an example.

Pseudo-cereal is one of any non-grasses that are used in much the same way as cereals.
Ex: The seed quinoa from Chenopodium quinoa plant belongs to the family Amaranthaceae.

3. Discuss which wood is better for making furniture.

Teak wood is better for making furniture..
The heartwood is golden yellow to golden brown when freshly sawn, turning darker when exposed to light
Known for its durability as it is immune to the attack of termites and fungi.
The wood does not split or crack and is a carpenter friendly wood.

4. A person got irritation while applying chemical dye. What would be your suggestion for alternative?

My suggestion for alternative is 'Henna' dye
An orange dye 'Henna' is obtained from the leaves and young shoots of Lawsonia inermis.
The principal colouring matter of leaves "lacosone" is harmless and causes no irritation to the skin.
This dye has long been used to dye skin, hair and finger nails.

5. Name the humors that are responsible for the health of human beings.

Siddha is principally based on the Pancabuta philosophy.
According to this system three humors namely Vatam, Pittam and Kapam.
These are responsible for the health of human beings.
If any disturbance in the equilibrium of these humors result in ill health.

6. Give definitions for organic farming?

Organic farming is an alternative agricultural system.
The plants/crops are cultivated in natural ways by using biological inputs.
This maintain soil fertility and ecological balance thereby minimizing pollution and wastage.
Use of biofertilizers is one of the important components of integrated organic farm management,
Several microorganisms and their association with crop plants being exploited in the production of biofertilizers.
Organic farming is thus considered as the movement directed towards the philosophy of Back to Nature.

7. Which is called as the "King of Bitters"? Mention their medicinal importance.

Nilavembu (Andrographis paniculata) is known as the King of Bitters.
The medicinal importance of nilavembu
Andrographolides is the major chemical component.
Andrographis is a potent hepatoprotective.
It is widely used to treat liver disorders.
Concoction of Andrographis paniculata and eight other herbs (Nilavembu Kudineer) is effectively used to treat malaria and dengue.

8. Differentiate bio-medicines and botanical medicines.

Biomedicines
Medicinally useful molecules obtained from plants that are marketed as drugs are called Biomedicines.
Botanical medicines.
Medicinal plants which are marketed as powders or in other modified forms are known as Botanical medicines.

9. Write the origin and area of cultivation of green gram and red gram.

Green gram
It is a native of india and the archaeological evidences are found in Maharashtra.
It is cultivated in Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
Red gram/pigeon pea
It is the only pulse native to Southern India.
It is mainly grown in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Gujarat.

10. What are millets? What are its types? Give example for each type.

It is a variety of very small seeds.
Originally cultivated by ancient people in Africa and Asia.
They are gluten free and have less glycemic Index.
Types and examples
Finger Millet-Ragi - Eleusine coracona
Foxtail Millet-Thinai - Setaria itaile
Kodo Millet-varagu - Paspalum scrobiculatum

11. If a person drinks a cup of coffee daily it will help him for
his health. Is this correct? If it is correct, list out the benefits.

Yes correct.
Drinking coffee in moderation provides the following health benefits:
Caffeine enhances release of acetylcholine in brain, which in turn enhances efficiency.
It can lower the Incidence of fatty liver diseases, cirrhosis and cancer.
It may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.

12. Enumerate the uses of turmeric.

It is one of the most important and ancient Indian spices.
It is used traditionally over thousands of years for culinary, cosmetic, dyeing and for medicinal purposes.
It is an important constituent of curry powders.
It is used as a colouring agent in pharmacy, confectionery! and food industry.
Rice coloured with turmeric (yellow) is considered sacred and auspicious which is used in ceremonies.
It is also used for dyeing leather, fibre, paper and toys.
Curcumin extracted from turmeric is responsible for the yellow colour.
Curcumin is a very good anti-oxidant which may help fight various kinds of cancer.
It has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral activities.
It stops platelets from clotting in arteries, which leads to heart attack

13. What Is TSM? How does it classified and what does it focuses on?

TSM means Traditional Systems of Medicines
Indla has a rich medicinal heritage.
A number of Traditional Systems of Medicine (TSM) are practiced in India
some of which come from outside India.
Traditional systems classification
Traditional Systems of Medicine (TSM) in India can be classified into
1. institutionalized or documented 2. non-institutionalized or oral traditions.
Institutionalized indian systems
Institutionalized Indian systems include Siddha and Ayurveda.
These are practiced for about two thousand years.
These systems have prescribed texts in which the symptoms, disease diagnosis, drugs to cure, preparation of drugs, dosage and diet regimes, daily and seasonal regimens.
Non-institutional systems
This do not have such records and or practiced by rural and tribal peoples across india.
The knowledge is mostly held in oral form.
The TSM focus on healthy lifestyle and healthy diet for maintaining good health and disease reversal.

14. Write the uses of nuts you have studied.

We have studied cashew nut. The uses of cashew nut are as follows.
Used for garnishing sweets or curries,
Ground into a paste which forms a base of sauces for curries or some sweets.
Roasted and raw kernels are used as snacks.

15. Give an account on the role of Jasminum in perfuming.

Jasmine, as a floral perfume, ranks next to the rose oil.
The essential oil is present in the epidermal cells of both the sepals and petals.
One ton of jasmine blossom yields about 2.5 to 3 kg of essential oil.
Role of Jasminum In perfuming
Jasmine flowers are used in india for worship, ceremonial purposes, incense and fumigants,
It is used for making perfumed hair oils, cosmetics and soaps.
Jasmine oil is valued for its soothing,relaxing,antidepressant qualities.
Jasmine blends well with other perfumes.
It is used in air freshners, anti-perspirants, talcum powders, shampoos and deodorants.

16. Give an account of active principle and medicinal values of any two plants you have studied.

Two plants we have studied is
1. Keezhanelli (Phyllanthus amarus/Family: Euphorbiaceae
(Now in Phyllanthaceae)
2. Nilavembu (Andrographis paniculata) Family:
Acanthaceae
1. Active principle of Phyllanthus amarus: Phyllanthin is the major chemical component.
Medicinal values
Phyllanthus is hepato-protective plant used in Tamil Nadu for the treatment of Jaundice.
2. Active principle of Andrographis paniculata
Andrographolides is the major chemical component.
Medicinal values
Andrographis is a potent hepatoprotective.
It is widely used to treat liver disorders.
Concoction of Andrographis paniculats and eight other herbs (Nilavemba Kudineer) is effectively used to treat malaria and dengue.

17. Write the economic importance of rice.

Rice is used as a staple food in Southern and North East India.
Flaked rice (Aval), Puffed rice / parched rice (Pori) are used as breakfast or as snack food.
Rice bran oil is used in culinary and industrial purposes.
Husks are used as fuel, and in packing material and fertilizer.

18. Which TSM is widely practiced and culturally accepted In
Tamil Nadu? explain.

Siddha is the most popular, widely practiced and culturally accepted system in Tamil Nadu
It is based on the texts written by 18 Siddhars.
There are different opinions on the constitution of 18 Siddhars.
The Siddhars are not only from Tamil Nadu, but have also came from other countries.
The entire knowledge is documented in the form of poems in Tamil,
Siddha is principally based on the Pancabuta philosophy.
According to this system three humors namely Vatam,
Pittam and Kapam. These are responsible for the health of human beings.
If any disturbance in the equilibrium of these humors result in ill health.
The drug sources of Siddha include plants, animal parts, marine products and minerals.
This system specializes in using minerals for preparing drugs with the long shelf-life.
This system uses about BDO herbs as source of drugs.
Great stress is laid on disease prevention, health promotion, rejuvenation and cure.

19. What are psychoactive drugs? Add a note Marijuana and Opium

Phytochemicals/drugs from some of the plants alter an individual's perceptions of mind by producing hallucination. are known as psychoactive drugs.
These drugs are used in all ancient culture especially by Shamans and by traditional healers.
origin and area of cultivation of Cannabis/Marijuana
It is native to China.
States of Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarkand, Uttarpradesh and Madhaya Pradesh have legally permitted to cultivate this.
Medicinal properties of Cannabis / Marijuana
The active principle in marijuana is trans-tetrahydrocanabinal (THC).
It is an effective pain reliever and reduces hypertension.
THC is used in treating Glaucoma a condition in which pressure develops in the eyes.
THC Is also used in reducing nausea of cancer patients undergoing radiation and chemotherapy.
THC provides relief to bronchial disorders, especially asthma as it dilates bronchial vessels.
Because of these medicinal properties, cultivation of cannabis is legalized in some countries.
origin and area of cultivation of opium poppy
It is native to South Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
Medicinal properties of poppy
Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh are the licenced states to cultivate opium poppy.
Opium was traditionally used to induce sleep and for relieving pain.
Opium is derived from the exudates of fruits of poppy plants.
Opium yields Morphine, a strong analgesic which is used in surgery.
However, opium is an addiction forming drug.

20. What are the King and Queen of spices? Explain about them and their uses.

Pepper is referred to as the "King of Spices".
Cardamom is called as "Queen of Spices".
Origin and area of cultivation of cardamom
It is Indigenous to Southern India and Sri Lanka.
Cardamom is called as "Queen of Spices".
In India it is one of the main cash crops cultivated in the Western Ghats, and North Eastern India
Uses of cardamom
The seeds have a pleasing aroma and a characteristic warm, slightly pungent taste.
It is used for flavouring confectionaries, bakery products and beverages.
The seeds are used in the preparation of curry powder, pickles and cakes.
Medicinally, it as a stimulant and carminative.
It is also chewed as a mouth freshener.
Origin and area of cultivation of black pepper
It is indigenous to Western Ghats of India.
Pepper is referred to as the "King of Spices".
It termed as "Black Gold of India".
Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are the top producers in India.
Uses of black pepper
The characteristic pungency of the pepper is due to the presence of alkaloid Piperine.
Two types of pepper namely black and white pepper.
It is used for flavouring in the preparation of sauces, soups, curry powder and pickles.
It is used in medicine as an aromatic stimulant for enhancing salivary and gastric secretions. and stomachic.
Pepper also enhances the bio-absorption of medicines.

21. How will you prepare an organic pesticide for your home garden with the vegetables available from your kitchen?

Mix 120 g of hot chillies with 110 g of garlic or onion.
Chop them thoroughly.
Blend the vegetables together manually or using an grinder till it forms a thick paste.
Add the vegetable paste to 500 ml of warm water and stir.
Pour the solution into a glass container and leave it undisturbed for 24 hours.
Strain the mixture. This filtrate is the pesticide.
Either discard the vegetables or use it as a compost.
Pour the pesticide into a squirt bottle.
Spray bottle has first been cleaned with warm water and soap to get rid it of any potential contaminants.
Spray pesticide every 4 to 5 days with the solution. After 3 or 4 treatments, the pest will be eliminated.

III. Long Answer Questions

12th bio botany

IV. Exercise

12thbio botany